M.H.B. v. H.T.B.
100 N.J. 567, 498 A.2d 775 (1985)
Henry and Marilyn were married
and had two kids. Then Marilyn went and got pregnant during an affair
with another man. That led to the birth of K.B.
When Henry found out what
happened, he moved out, leaving all three kids with Marilyn.
He did maintain friendly
relations with all three children, even K.B.
After a few attempts at
reconciliation, the couple eventually divorced. At first, Marilyn was
granted custody of all three kids, and Henry paid child support. But after Henry remarried, his relationship
with Marilyn deteriorated.
Both Henry and Marilyn
petitioned the Court for full custody of all three kids.
Henry made an alternative
claim that if couldn't have custody then he should not be required to pay
child support for K.B.
The Trial Court found that
Henry was precluded from asserting that he was not K.B.'s father due to equitable
estoppel.
The Trial Court found that
Henry had been acting as if he was K.B.'s father for a while, so he
couldn't turn around and argue that he wasn't.
In addition, Henry had
previously agreed to pay child support for K.B. That implied that he had accepted the fact it was his
duty.
The Appellate Court affirmed.
Henry appealed.
The New Jersey Supreme Court
affirmed in a very split decision.
The Court found that there
is a four-part test to determine if a non-custodial parent is bound to
continue child support due to equitable
estoppel:
That the payor freely
provided support after he learned he was not obligated to do so.
The custodial parent freely
accepted the support.
The child relied on the
support.
The situation must exist
for a 'significant' period of time.
The New Jersey Supreme Court
found that Henry met all four parts, and was therefore equitably
estopped from contesting child
support.
"Henry's actions
throughout the marriage and following the divorce constituted a
continuous course of conduct towards the child that was tantamount to a
knowing and affirmative representation that he would support her as
would a natural father."
The Court noted that Henry
had repeatedly asked the courts for custody of K.B., which implied that
he considered her his child.
Henry argued that under New
Jersey law, he could contest parentage. However the Court found that,
while true, even if he was legal found to not be K.B.'s parent, he could
still be ordered to pay child support
if it was found to be in the best interest of the child.
In a dissent it was argued
that we know where K.B.'s biological father is. You never resort to equity when you can get support from the actual
biological parent.
Some States (not New Jersey)
have a Statute that says that any children conceived during an intact
marriage, that child is irrebutably
the child of the husband, even if DNA says otherwise.