Fantasy, Inc. v. Fogerty
984 F.2d 1524 (9th Cir. 1993) 510 U.S. 517 (1994) 94 F.3d 553 (9th Cir. 1996)
Fogerty wrote a song and then
sold the rights to it to Fantasy.
Later Fogerty wrote a similar
song. Fantasy sued for copyright infringement.
Essentially, Fantasy was
accusing Fogerty of plagiarizing himself!
The Trial Court found for
Fogerty. Fogerty appealed.
Fogerty asked the Court to
make Fantasy pay him attorney's fees (under 17 U.S.C. §505), but the Trial Court denied the request on
the grounds that Fantasy's lawsuit was neither frivolous nor prosecuted
in bad faith.
The Appellate Court affirmed.
Fogerty appealed.
The US Supreme Court reversed
and remanded.
The US Supreme Court found
that there were two standards floating around for when to award
attorney's fees:
The dual standard (used by the Appellate Court here) which said
that prevailing plaintiffs were generally awarded fees as a matter of
course, while prevailing defendants had to show that the original
lawsuit was frivolous or brought in bad faith.
The British rule which said that the prevailing party
automatically receives fees.
The Court didn't like either
of those, and so came up with the evenhanded approach, which said that plaintiffs and defendants are
to be treated alike, but attorney's fees are only awarded based on
equitable discretion.
"Equitable
discretion" isn't a precise rule or formula, but there are many
considerations that could be used to make the determination.
See Lieb v. Topstone
Indus., Inc. (788 F.2d 151 (1986)).
The Trial Court awarded
attorney's fees. Fantasy and Fogerty both appealed.
The Trial Court gave Fogerty
$1.37M. The Court based their decision on the idea that Fogerty's
defense was the type of defense that furthers the purposes underlying the
Copyright Act and therefore
should be encouraged through a fee award.
The Court did not give
Fogerty interest on the attorney's fees.
The Appellate Court affirmed.
The Appellate Court looked
at the factors the Trial Court used and found that they were reasonable
for "equitable discretion."