Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia
427 U.S. 307 (1976)
Murgia was a policeman in
Massachusetts. When he turned 50 he was involuntarily retired, per
Massachusetts law.
Murgia claimed to be in
great shape and wanted to continue being a policeman.
Massachusetts argued that
they had a good reason for having a mandatory retirement age, namely the
physical requirements of the job were probably too much for old people.
Murgia sued, claiming that the
mandatory retirement was age discrimination, and was therefore an unconstitutional violation of the Equal
Protection Clause of the 14th
Amendment.
The US Supreme Court found the
Massachusetts law to be constitutional.
The US Supreme Court found
that the proper level of judicial review for age discrimination claims was rational basis.
The Court found that old
people were not a suspect class,
and being a policeman was not a fundamental right.
The Court found that
Massachusetts had a rational basis
for preventing old people from working in jobs with high physical
requirements.